Plate Tectonics

Visual sources include third-party material incorporated into custom animations. License information is reproduced from source records; an unrecorded license does not mean a work is public domain.

• Alfred Wegener 1910

  Unknown author Unknown author

  View original source ↗Public domain

• Wegener Expedition-1912 008

  unknown

  View original source ↗Public domain

• Alfred Wegener and Rasmus Villumsen - Expedition 1930 - 015

  Loewe, Fritz; Georgi, Johannes; Sorge, Ernst; Wegener, Alfred Lothar

  View original source ↗Public domain

  Incorporated into an explanatory animation; presentation may include cropping, labels and overlays.

• Don Blomquist and Marie Tharp at drafting table

  Credit Line: AIP Emilio Segrè Visual Archives, Gift of Bill Woodward, USNS Kane Collection

  View original source ↗CC0

• (Manuscript painting of Heezen-Tharp World ocean floor map by Berann)

  Berann, Heinrich C., Heezen, Bruce C., Tharp, Marie.

  View original source ↗CC0

• World Ocean Floor

  Heinrich Berann, Bruce Heezen and Marie Tharp

  View original source ↗Public domain

• image

  UNB

  View original source ↗License not recorded

• Wallace Creek offset across the San Andreas Fault

  Robert E. Wallace

  View original source ↗Public domain

• WorldCrustalAge - Hawaii hotspot

  Dr. Peter Sloss, NGDC

  View original source ↗Public domain

• Pillow Lava at Wadi Jizzi in Oman

  Lionel Duchoiselle ( https://www.geodiversite.net/auteur386 )

  View original source ↗CC BY-SA 3.0

• Geotimes Pillow Lavas in Wadi Jizz, Oman

  Georoamer

  View original source ↗CC BY-SA 4.0

• Oases of Life: May 2016 - NOAA Ocean Exploration (1)

  NOAA

  View original source ↗License not recorded

• Scientific figure · source page 3

  Constantin W. Arnscheidt and Daniel H. Rothman / Science Advances

  View original source ↗Copyrighted material — used for documentary commentary

  Incorporated into an explanatory animation; presentation may include cropping, labels and overlays.

  Editorial use; no open license asserted.

• news impact image

  MIT

  View original source ↗License not recorded

• news impact image

  MIT

  View original source ↗License not recorded

• news impact image

  MIT

  View original source ↗License not recorded

• Aurora-Iceland Northern Lights timelapse 2026-02-06.hd

  G. Edward Johnson

  View original source ↗CC BY 4.0

• Black and white image of a crystal containing angular tree-ring-like shapes

  Caltech

  View original source ↗License not recorded

• Australia officially moves 1.8 metres northeast | Geoscience Australia viewport screenshot

  GA

  View original source ↗License not recorded

Research references

Selected sources from the episode’s research and scientific figures.

Research sources for this episode are being consolidated. Source publications for reproduced figures are linked in the visual credits above.

Music

• Meditation From The Star Orion
  OctahedronMusic · Envato Elements